Tax Deducted at Source (TDS) is a system introduced by the Indian government where the person responsible for making specific payments is required to deduct tax at the source and deposit it with the government. Here are some key details related to TDS in India:

### 1. **Applicability of TDS:**
– TDS is applicable to various payments such as salaries, interest, rent, professional fees, commission, and other specified payments.

### 2. **TAN (Tax Deduction and Collection Account Number):**
– Any entity responsible for deducting TDS must obtain a TAN. It is a 10-digit alphanumeric number.

### 3. **TDS Rates:**
– The rates at which TDS is deducted depend on the nature of the payment and the provisions of the Income Tax Act. Different sections of the Act prescribe different TDS rates.

### 4. **Threshold Limits:**
– TDS is usually applicable if the amount of payment exceeds a specified threshold limit. Below this limit, TDS may not be deducted.

### 5. **Due Dates for TDS Payment:**
– The deducted TDS must be deposited with the government within specific due dates. Failure to deposit TDS on time may attract penalties.

### 6. **TDS Certificates:**
– Form 16: Employers issue Form 16 to employees, providing details of TDS deducted on salary income.
– Form 16A: Issued for TDS on payments other than salary.
– Form 16B: Issued for TDS on sale of immovable property.

### 7. **Filing TDS Returns:**
– Deductors are required to file TDS returns quarterly using Form 24Q (for salary) and Form 26Q (for non-salary payments).

### 8. **TDS on Sale of Property (Section 194IA):**
– TDS is applicable on the sale of immovable property where the transaction value exceeds a specified limit.

### 9. **TDS on Rent (Section 194I):**
– TDS is applicable on rental payments exceeding a specified limit.

### 10. **TDS on Professional Fees (Section 194J):**
– TDS is applicable on payments made for professional or technical services exceeding a specified limit.

### 11. **TDS on Interest (Section 194A):**
– TDS is applicable on interest payments exceeding a specified limit.

### 12. **TDS on Commission (Section 194H):**
– TDS is applicable on commission payments exceeding a specified limit.

### 13. **TDS on Salary (Section 192):**
– Employers deduct TDS on salary payments based on the applicable slab rates.

### 14. **TDS Exemptions and Deductions:**
– Certain payments may be exempt from TDS, and some deductions are allowed while calculating TDS liability.

### 15. **TDS Refund:**
– If excess TDS has been deducted, taxpayers can claim a refund by filing their income tax returns.

It’s essential for deductors and taxpayers to stay informed about TDS provisions, rates, and deadlines to ensure compliance with tax regulations. Consulting with a tax professional is advisable for accurate and specific guidance based on individual circumstances.